j-stengade noter diverse periodic

Periodic Table

12 3456789101112131415161718
1
H		    2
He
3
Li		4
Be		  5
B		6
C		7
N		8
O		9
F		10
Ne
11
Na		12
Mg		  13
Al		14
Si		15
P		16
S		17
Cl		18
Ar
19
K		20
Ca		21
Sc		22
Ti		23
V		24
Cr		25
Mn		26
Fe		27
Co		28
Ni		29
Cu		30
Zn		31
Ga		32
Ge		33
As		34
Se		35
Br		36
Kr
37
Rb		38
Sr		Lanthanides/Actinides39
Y		40
Zr		41
Nb		42
Mo		43
Tc		44
Ru		45
Rh		46
Pd		47
Ag		48
Cd		49
In		50
Sn		51
Sb		52
Te		53
I		54
Xe
55
Cs		56
Ba		57
La		58
Ce		59
Pr		60
Nd		61
Pm		62
Sm		63
Eu		64
Gd		65
Tb		66
Dy		67
Ho		68
Er		69
Tm		70
Yb		71
Lu		72
Hf		73
Ta		74
W		75
Re		76
Os		77
Ir		78
Pt		79
Au		80
Hg		81
Tl		82
Pb		83
Bi		84
Po		85
At		86
Rn
87
Fr		88
Ra		89
Ac		90
Th		91
Pa		92
U		93
Np		94
Pu		95
Am		96
Cm		97
Bk		98
Cf		99
Es		100
Fm		101
Md		102
No		103
Lr		104
Rf		105
Db		106
Sg		107
Bh		108
Hs		109
Mt		110
Ds		111
Rg		112
Cn		113
Nh		114
Fl		115
Mc		116
Lv		117
Ts		118
Og

Hydrogen

1
H

Greek elements hydro- and -gen, 'water-forming'
Atomic weight: 1.0080
Primordial
Gas

Helium

2
He

Greek helios, 'sun'
Atomic weight: 4.0026
Primordial
Gas

Lithium

3
Li

Greek líthos, 'stone'
Atomic weight: 6.94
Primordial
Solid

Beryllium

4
Be

Beryl, a mineral (ultimately from the name of Belur in southern India)
Atomic weight: 9.0122
Primordial
Solid

Boron

5
B

Borax, a mineral (from Arabic bawraq, Middle Persian *borag)
Atomic weight: 10.81
Primordial
Solid

Carbon

6
C

Latin carbo, 'coal'
Atomic weight: 12.011
Primordial
Solid

Nitrogen

7
N

Greek nítron and -gen, 'niter-forming'
Atomic weight: 14.007
Primordial
Gas

Oxygen

8
O

Greek oxy- and -gen, 'acid-forming'
Atomic weight: 15.999
Primordial
Gas

Fluorine

9
F

Latin fluere, 'to flow'
Atomic weight: 18.998
Primordial
Gas

Neon

10
Ne

Greek néon, 'new'
Atomic weight: 20.180
Primordial
Gas

Sodium

11
Na

English (from medieval Latin) soda · Symbol Na is derived from Neo-Latin natrium, coined from German Natron, 'natron'
Atomic weight: 22.990
Primordial
Solid

Magnesium

12
Mg

Magnesia, a district of Eastern Thessaly in Greece
Atomic weight: 24.305
Primordial
Solid

Aluminium

13
Al

Alumina, from Latin alumen (gen. aluminis), 'bitter salt, alum'
Atomic weight: 26.982
Primordial
Solid

Silicon

14
Si

Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium)
Atomic weight: 28.085
Primordial
Solid

Phosphorus

15
P

Greek phosphóros, 'light-bearing'
Atomic weight: 30.974
Primordial
Solid

Sulphur

16
S

Latin sulphur, 'brimstone'
Atomic weight: 32.06
Primordial
Solid

Chlorine

17
Cl

Greek chlorós, 'greenish yellow'
Atomic weight: 35.45
Primordial
Gas

Argon

18
Ar

Greek argós, 'idle' (because of its inertness)
Atomic weight: 39.95
Primordial
Gas

Potassium

19
K

Neo-Latin potassa, 'potash', itself from pot and ash. Symbol K is derived from Latin kalium
Atomic weight: 39.098
Primordial
Solid

Calcium

20
Ca

Latin calx, 'lime'
Atomic weight: 40.078
Primordial
Solid

Scandium

21
Sc

Latin Scandia, 'Scandinavia'
Atomic weight: 44.956
Primordial
Solid

Titanium

22
Ti

Titans, the sons of the Earth goddess of Greek mythology
Atomic weight: 47.867
Primordial
Solid

Vanadium

23
V

Vanadis, an Old Norse name for the Scandinavian goddess Freyja
Atomic weight: 50.942
Primordial
Solid

Chromium

24
Cr

Greek chróma, 'colour'
Atomic weight: 51.996
Primordial
Solid

Manganese

25
Mn

Corrupted from magnesia negra; see § magnesium
Atomic weight: 54.938
Primordial
Solid

Iron

26
Fe

English word, from Proto-Celtic *isarnom ('iron'), from a root meaning 'blood'. Symbol Fe is derived from Latin ferrum
Atomic weight: 55.845
Primordial
Solid

Cobalt

27
Co

German Kobold, 'goblin'
Atomic weight: 58.933
Primordial
Solid

Nickel

28
Ni

Nickel, a mischievous sprite of German miner mythology
Atomic weight: 58.693
Primordial
Solid

Copper

29
Cu

English word, from Latin cuprum, from Ancient Greek Kýpros 'Cyprus'
Atomic weight: 63.546
Primordial
Solid

Zinc

30
Zn

Most likely from German Zinke, 'prong' or 'tooth', though some suggest Persian sang, 'stone'
Atomic weight: 65.38
Primordial
Solid

Gallium

31
Ga

Latin Gallia, 'France'
Atomic weight: 69.723
Primordial
Solid

Germanium

32
Ge

Latin Germania, 'Germany'
Atomic weight: 72.630
Primordial
Solid

Lanthanide

57
La		58
Ce		59
Pr		60
Nd		61
Pm		62
Sm		63
Eu		64
Gd		65
Tb		66
Dy		67
Ho		68
Er		69
Tm		70
Yb

The term "lanthanide" was introduced by Victor Goldschmidt in 1925. Despite their abundance, the technical term "lanthanides" is interpreted to reflect a sense of elusiveness on the part of these elements, as it comes from the Greek λανθανειν (lanthanein), "to lie hidden".

Rather than referring to their natural abundance, the word reflects their property of "hiding" behind each other in minerals. The term derives from lanthanum, first discovered in 1838, at that time a so-called new rare-earth element "lying hidden" or "escaping notice" in a cerium mineral,[12] and it is an irony that lanthanum was later identified as the first in an entire series of chemically similar elements and gave its name to the whole series.

Actinide

89
Ac		90
Th		91
Pa		92
U		93
Np		94
Pu		95
Am		96
Cm		97
Bk		98
Cf		99
Es		100
Fm		101
Md		102
No

Like the lanthanides, the actinides form a family of elements with similar properties. Within the actinides, there are two overlapping groups: transuranium elements, which follow uranium in the periodic table; and transplutonium elements, which follow plutonium. Compared to the lanthanides, which (except for promethium) are found in nature in appreciable quantities, most actinides are rare. Most do not occur in nature, and of those that do, only thorium and uranium do so in more than trace quantities. The most abundant or easily synthesized actinides are uranium and thorium, followed by plutonium, americium, actinium, protactinium, neptunium, and curium.